Table 2 Summary of key findings

A. Gender mainstreaming: a flawed approach

 (1) A gap between intention and implementation

  a. Inconsistent quality of SADD and reporting on gender differences and inequalities

  b. Lack of linkage between documents across the humanitarian program cycle

 (2) A focus on process, not results

 (3) Conceptual confusion and inadequate technical resources

 (4) Basic needs, protection, and participation prioritized over GBV, economic opportunities, and agency

  a. Attention to basic needs and capabilities

  b. Neglect of girls’ and women’s economic opportunities

  c. Women’s and girls’ inclusion limited to representation rather than decision-making

 (5) Inadequate technical and financial resources

  a. Inconsistent technical resources across organizations and sectors

  b. Inadequate gender expertise

  c. Insufficient financial resources

B. Humanitarian culture and behavior: a barrier to change

 (1) Savior mentality and a macho culture

 (2) A humanitarian culture that tolerates abuse

 (3) Short-termism