Table 2 Attributes of bonding capital in vulnerable urban contexts
From: Social capital in vulnerable urban settings: an analytical framework
Form of social capital | Dimension | Key issues | Indicators (in vulnerable urban contexts—slums and informal settlements) |
|---|---|---|---|
Bonding capital (micro and cognitive level) | Personal relationships (quality of relationships structure and nature of relationships) | Norms of trust (particularised trust among familiars, generalised trust of strangers, strategic trust, civic/institutional trust) Norms of reciprocity | Proportion of households relying on others for help (e.g. for treatment, care and support) Proportion of individuals who believe in the ability of others (e.g. breadwinners and other income earners) Proportion of individuals who provided and received support (e.g. sharing food, remittances) Proportion of individuals or households relying on assets as a coping strategy Proportion of individuals purchasing food on credit as a coping strategy Proportion of households worrying about food |
Social networks (types, size, spatial, structural, relational) | Centrality (degree, betweenness, closeness) perceived importance of individuals Distance, i.e. connectedness of individuals Attributes of networks (e.g. successfulness and attractiveness) | ||
Social influence (conformity obedience compliance) | Normative (change to fit in a group—to be liked or accepted) Informational (change because of desire to be correct, belief that others have right information) | Proportion of individuals who changed thoughts, attitudes, feelings and behaviour because of interaction with others; doing things for others with a choice to deny; doing things for others without an opportunity to refuse |